Paper -cutting is one of the most popular folk decorative arts in China and has a long history. It is generally popular because of its materials, low cost, effective effect, and wide adaptation. It is also because it is most suitable for rural women to make free time. Paper -cutting can be seen all over the country, and even different local style genres can be formed. Paper -cutting not only shows the aesthetic hobbies of the masses, but also contains the deep psychology of the nation. It is also one of the most distinctive folk arts in China. Its styling characteristics are particularly worth studying. As a manifestation of the philosophy of Chinese origin, folk paper -cutting has the characteristics of comprehensive, beautifying, and auspiciousness in the form of expression. At the same time, folk paper -cutting uses its own specific expression language to convey the connotation and essence of traditional culture. Pottery production is the earliest handicraft in Yunnan, with a history of 4,000 years. The New Stone Age of Binchuan's Shinshi Age of Binchuan discovered pots, cups, Ding and other pottery slices in the site of the Shinshisi era; a chicken -shaped pot pot was unearthed in the Nishimunzi Neolithic Site, and the body was like a squat hen. It was vivid and cute. It is the earliest beautiful original crafts in Yunnan. Since then, the tomb bricks of the Han Dynasty, the taiden and kisses of the Tang Dynasty, the blue and white porcelain of the Song and Yuan dynasties, and the purple pottery of the Qing Dynasty were well -known in China. In particular, the purple pottery created in the Qing Dynasty was hailed as "Tao Zhongyi Show" and was rated as one of the four famous pottery in China. Huining green and white glaze pottery, Lijiang Jinsha pottery, Yongsheng porcelain, Xiangyun earth pot, Dai pottery pot, also has its own characteristics. The Yunnan has rich metal resources, exquisite metal processing skills, long history, and many famous products. The bronze era in Yunnan first began in the late Shang Dynasty and flourished in the Han Dynasty; the bronze wares in Yunnan are famous for their strange shapes and unique styles. The production of copper crafts in Yunnan has a history of more than 2,000 years. The Western Han Dynasty wolf (now Hyoshi, Dongchuan) is famous for copper to produce copper. In the Ming and Qing Dynasties, Yunnan Tongxi Production and Crafts Processing occupied a very important position in China. The old tin crafts began in the Ming Dynasty and flourished in the Qing Dynasty. Yunnan Copper Copper was created in the late Ming and early Qing dynasties. It has more than 300 years of history and has become increasingly sophisticated. Yunnan white copper products have a long history in history. Wu Tongyin is a unique craftsmanship in Yunnan. It "walks" people with molten silver to form a pattern, which is unique. The Yunnan national sword has its own name, in ancient times, there were bronze sword halberds, and in the Tang and Song dynasties, there were famous Nanzhao "Zeheche", "Yu Sword", "wave sword" and Dali sword. The well -known Achang family sprinkled the knife in the Ming Dynasty. It has been reserved so far, and has gained excellence, reaching the technical level of "soft energy ring waist like belt, firmly cut iron and stones". The Lufeng scissors, which began in the Qing Dynasty, used horse palm iron as the raw material: excellent craftsmanship, sharp scissors, beautiful and durable. In Yunnan's majority of nations are good at woodcuts. Among them, Jianchuan Bai ethnic -wood woodcarving is the most famous. Its historical dates back to 1500 years ago, and the Tang and Song dynasties reached a very high level of craftsmanship. In the Forbidden City of the Ming and Qing Dynasties of the Ming and Qing Dynasties, the Chengde Avoiding Affairs Villa, many well -known buildings and residential houses in the province in modern times have the grid doors and windows and carved beam painting decorated with Jianchuan woodcarvings. Especially in modern times, the combination of Jianchuan woodcarving craftsmanship with the beauty of marble Tiancheng has made marble inlaid cloud furniture, which is well -known inside and outside the province, and has become a traditional export product of Yunnan. The woodcarving furnishing crafts have also been newly promoted, singing the protagonist in tourist souvenirs. There are also Yi Qishao, painted woodcarving, and worshiping woodcarving in the national ethnic groups such as Jingpo, De'ang, and Dai people. It has both traditional craftsmanship and the rough and simple shapes. Malite is named because of the best quality in Yunnan. The Bai people had mined and processed marble crafts in the Tang Dynasty as early as L000 years ago. The processing and production of marble crafts now on Dali urban and rural areas, and marble crafts are dazzling. The stone carvings in Yunnan, the carving process of the stone carvings of the Jianchuan Stone Treasure Mountain Grottoes and the ancient buildings of the Tibetan Temple in Kunming. There are more than 200 gods and Buddhas in the ancient buildings of Kunming. They have beautiful shapes, beautiful knife marks, and are very delicate. Tengchong has been the distribution center of emerald jade since ancient times. Jade processing: excellent skills. When the Ming and Qing dynasties are extremely prosperous, it is known as "Emerald City". Yunnan Go Zizi, Bao Shan, produced in the Ming Dynasty, was called Yongzi in ancient times. It is characterized by strong but not crispy, heavy and flat, white Zi is white as jade, sunspot Wuli Shi Bi, warm in winter and cool in summer, and feels good. This in Yunnan textile printing and dyeing technology has a long history. Archaeological proof is far more than 4,000 years ago, and hand -made textiles appeared in Yunnan. At the beginning, they were used as raw materials. Later, cotton, silk, and hair were used. In the Eastern Han Dynasty, the blue cotton was woven to the fine cloth. In the Tang and Song dynasties, it created tie -dye, wax dye (called twisted, waxy), and produced "colorful rags", "peacock cloth", and "Jin Wen is quite dense and wonderful." So far, the tie -dyeing wax dyeing techniques, more beautiful patterns, and richer varieties. The national brocade craftsmanship in Yunnan is unique in China, especially with brocade, Jing Pojin, and Zhuangjin. The use of wool woven blankets, rolling felt, and making hair is a widely circulated craft among many ethnic minorities. National felt blankets, wearing can be used as clothes, lying can be used as pads, rainproof and moisture, and it is endless. This glory handicrafts are the most popular among the people of all ethnic groups. Ethnic women have learned art from childhood, with clever minds, and have the characteristics of changing acupuncture and rich patterns. The minority people have come from spinning, self -made clothes since ancient times, and traditional costumes of various ethnic groups are concentrated display of the level of handicrafts of various ethnic groups. The people have been good at using animal skins since ancient times, and their skills have been continuously improved. Deer leather collar gowns and sheepskin shawls are still regarded by many ethnic groups as treasures. All ethnic groups are good at using local bamboo vine brown grass, weaving various living utensils, Dali straw hats, and Tengchong vine. Poetry is praised by the Yuan Dynasty, and it is called Tengyue Prefecture for the abundant vine. The people of all ethnic groups in Yunnan can sing and dance. The people of all ethnic groups have handicrafts of their own national instruments, and they can make a variety of folk toys to entertain children. rn 综上所述，云南民族民间手工艺，具有以下鲜明特点：rn 以实用为主，注重功能，同时力求美观，把功能和审美要求完善地结合起来，如陶器、木器、 Bamboo and vine woven and all daily necessities of ethnic masses have also been made in art processing to achieve a unity of practicality and aesthetics. Most of the handicrafts are taken on the spot, and applied according to their aptitude. Domestic services. The national and folk handicrafts, mainly hand -made labor, mainly family sideline. The inheritance of its skills is mainly passed down from generation to generation, which has made various handicrafts and their products with distinctive personality and unique style that varies from person to person. The national and folk handicrafts contain deep cultural connotations. The shape, style, and patterns of handicrafts often express the desire of Qi Qiqiu's beautiful and happy life for the people of all ethnic groups. It reflects the unique aesthetic concepts, religion and customs of people's unique people of all ethnic groups. The pattern ornaments and color configurations all have national cultural backgrounds, such as the blacks of the Yi people and the honor of black; The Dai people love to use elephant and peacock patterns to symbolize auspiciousness; the three horizontal lines on the Miao women's clothing represent the national history of the nation; Flowers, birds, insects, and fish, all reflect the character, aesthetic orientation and belief pursuit of various ethnic groups. Plopenia style of various ethnic groups, generally presents concise, rough, simple, natural characteristics, strong patterns, bright colors, strong contrast, rich ethnic characteristics and local characteristics, folk, civilian style, and civilian style, and the style No court and aristocracy. The national and folk craftsmanship in Yunnan has its own characteristic skills, especially some traditional brand -name handicrafts, ingenuity, ingenuity, and clever work. In summary, the characteristics of Yunnan national folk handicrafts are three characteristics: 1 is unique and scientific raw material formula craftsmanship. Such as the copper tin ratio of the bronze, the raw material formula of the copper, the dyeing plant dye formula, the puppet mineral raw material formula, the fiber raw material ratio of Tengchong rice paper and the fibrous raw material of the cotton paper. After long -term practice of the raw materials of these handicraft products, they have become a must. If the ratio is incompatible, the quality of the product is difficult to guarantee. Taking Yunnan Gozi as an example, "Yongchang Mansion" records: "Yongchang: Yongchang chess, A in the world. Its method, use agate to develop powder in Ziying stone, add lead nitrate, invest in medicinal materials, coincide together Well, use long iron to dip its juice and drip to chess. "But the specific formulas of ancient times had been lost. Some producers do not master the true scriptures in the formula, or the Gozo made, or the color is not pure and the spots are messy; Sticky hair, stained with fingers, annoyed the players and lost chess. During the trial production process, the Yunnan Go Factory carried out scientific test analysis of Lao Yongzi's chemical composition, obtained data, and repeatedly tried it to determine the scientific formula. It ensures that Yunzi's internal quality is excellent and the feel is good. From the height of 2 meters, it will fall on the cement floor without cracking or broken. The second is strange shapes, wonderful ideas, and unique. Such as the wonderful cow -tiger copper case in the ancient city bronze wares, a variety of styles of copper buckle. In modern crafts, such as antiques and steel crafts, the luxurious and elegant of tin crafts, the ancient and diverse of art pottery and Kunming red earth pottery in water, Huining and other places, the shape of woodcarving crafts, folk bamboo weaving bamboo crickets The exquisiteness all shows high styling art. three is that the production process has its own tricks. Such as the casting and spotting technology of copper crafts, the carving and filling technology of the purple pottery, the temperature of the Zhenyuan Black Pottery and the white pottery, the tie -staining needle method of the Bai people, the Dai weaving brocade craftsmanship, the technique of identifying the jade texture of the jade texture And the kung fu of the art and fight for the aptitude and so on. Moreover, many craftsmanship is passed down from generation to generation, so that handicrafts have a unique personality. Many handicraft decorative patterns, do not play drafts, are based on experience and inspiration.
Paper -cutting is one of the most popular folk decorative arts in China and has a long history. It is generally popular because of its materials, low cost, effective effect, and wide adaptation. It is also because it is most suitable for rural women to make free time. Paper -cutting can be seen all over the country, and even different local style genres can be formed. Paper -cutting not only shows the aesthetic hobbies of the masses, but also contains the deep psychology of the nation. It is also one of the most distinctive folk arts in China. Its styling characteristics are particularly worth studying. As a manifestation of the philosophy of Chinese origin, folk paper -cutting has the characteristics of comprehensive, beautifying, and auspiciousness in the form of expression. At the same time, folk paper -cutting uses its own specific expression language to convey the connotation and essence of traditional culture. Pottery production is the earliest handicraft in Yunnan, with a history of 4,000 years. The New Stone Age of Binchuan's Shinshi Age of Binchuan discovered pots, cups, Ding and other pottery slices in the site of the Shinshisi era; a chicken -shaped pot pot was unearthed in the Nishimunzi Neolithic Site, and the body was like a squat hen. It was vivid and cute. It is the earliest beautiful original crafts in Yunnan. Since then, the tomb bricks of the Han Dynasty, the taiden and kisses of the Tang Dynasty, the blue and white porcelain of the Song and Yuan dynasties, and the purple pottery of the Qing Dynasty were well -known in China. In particular, the purple pottery created in the Qing Dynasty was hailed as "Tao Zhongyi Show" and was rated as one of the four famous pottery in China. Huining green and white glaze pottery, Lijiang Jinsha pottery, Yongsheng porcelain, Xiangyun earth pot, Dai pottery pot, also has its own characteristics.
The Yunnan has rich metal resources, exquisite metal processing skills, long history, and many famous products. The bronze era in Yunnan first began in the late Shang Dynasty and flourished in the Han Dynasty; the bronze wares in Yunnan are famous for their strange shapes and unique styles. The production of copper crafts in Yunnan has a history of more than 2,000 years. The Western Han Dynasty wolf (now Hyoshi, Dongchuan) is famous for copper to produce copper. In the Ming and Qing Dynasties, Yunnan Tongxi Production and Crafts Processing occupied a very important position in China. The old tin crafts began in the Ming Dynasty and flourished in the Qing Dynasty. Yunnan Copper Copper was created in the late Ming and early Qing dynasties. It has more than 300 years of history and has become increasingly sophisticated. Yunnan white copper products have a long history in history. Wu Tongyin is a unique craftsmanship in Yunnan. It "walks" people with molten silver to form a pattern, which is unique. The Yunnan national sword has its own name, in ancient times, there were bronze sword halberds, and in the Tang and Song dynasties, there were famous Nanzhao "Zeheche", "Yu Sword", "wave sword" and Dali sword. The well -known Achang family sprinkled the knife in the Ming Dynasty. It has been reserved so far, and has gained excellence, reaching the technical level of "soft energy ring waist like belt, firmly cut iron and stones". The Lufeng scissors, which began in the Qing Dynasty, used horse palm iron as the raw material: excellent craftsmanship, sharp scissors, beautiful and durable.
In Yunnan's majority of nations are good at woodcuts. Among them, Jianchuan Bai ethnic -wood woodcarving is the most famous. Its historical dates back to 1500 years ago, and the Tang and Song dynasties reached a very high level of craftsmanship. In the Forbidden City of the Ming and Qing Dynasties of the Ming and Qing Dynasties, the Chengde Avoiding Affairs Villa, many well -known buildings and residential houses in the province in modern times have the grid doors and windows and carved beam painting decorated with Jianchuan woodcarvings. Especially in modern times, the combination of Jianchuan woodcarving craftsmanship with the beauty of marble Tiancheng has made marble inlaid cloud furniture, which is well -known inside and outside the province, and has become a traditional export product of Yunnan. The woodcarving furnishing crafts have also been newly promoted, singing the protagonist in tourist souvenirs. There are also Yi Qishao, painted woodcarving, and worshiping woodcarving in the national ethnic groups such as Jingpo, De'ang, and Dai people. It has both traditional craftsmanship and the rough and simple shapes.
Malite is named because of the best quality in Yunnan. The Bai people had mined and processed marble crafts in the Tang Dynasty as early as L000 years ago. The processing and production of marble crafts now on Dali urban and rural areas, and marble crafts are dazzling.
The stone carvings in Yunnan, the carving process of the stone carvings of the Jianchuan Stone Treasure Mountain Grottoes and the ancient buildings of the Tibetan Temple in Kunming. There are more than 200 gods and Buddhas in the ancient buildings of Kunming. They have beautiful shapes, beautiful knife marks, and are very delicate.
Tengchong has been the distribution center of emerald jade since ancient times. Jade processing: excellent skills. When the Ming and Qing dynasties are extremely prosperous, it is known as "Emerald City".
Yunnan Go Zizi, Bao Shan, produced in the Ming Dynasty, was called Yongzi in ancient times. It is characterized by strong but not crispy, heavy and flat, white Zi is white as jade, sunspot Wuli Shi Bi, warm in winter and cool in summer, and feels good.
This in Yunnan textile printing and dyeing technology has a long history. Archaeological proof is far more than 4,000 years ago, and hand -made textiles appeared in Yunnan. At the beginning, they were used as raw materials. Later, cotton, silk, and hair were used. In the Eastern Han Dynasty, the blue cotton was woven to the fine cloth. In the Tang and Song dynasties, it created tie -dye, wax dye (called twisted, waxy), and produced "colorful rags", "peacock cloth", and "Jin Wen is quite dense and wonderful." So far, the tie -dyeing wax dyeing techniques, more beautiful patterns, and richer varieties.
The national brocade craftsmanship in Yunnan is unique in China, especially with brocade, Jing Pojin, and Zhuangjin.
The use of wool woven blankets, rolling felt, and making hair is a widely circulated craft among many ethnic minorities. National felt blankets, wearing can be used as clothes, lying can be used as pads, rainproof and moisture, and it is endless.
This glory handicrafts are the most popular among the people of all ethnic groups. Ethnic women have learned art from childhood, with clever minds, and have the characteristics of changing acupuncture and rich patterns.
The minority people have come from spinning, self -made clothes since ancient times, and traditional costumes of various ethnic groups are concentrated display of the level of handicrafts of various ethnic groups.
The people have been good at using animal skins since ancient times, and their skills have been continuously improved. Deer leather collar gowns and sheepskin shawls are still regarded by many ethnic groups as treasures.
All ethnic groups are good at using local bamboo vine brown grass, weaving various living utensils, Dali straw hats, and Tengchong vine. Poetry is praised by the Yuan Dynasty, and it is called Tengyue Prefecture for the abundant vine.
The people of all ethnic groups in Yunnan can sing and dance. The people of all ethnic groups have handicrafts of their own national instruments, and they can make a variety of folk toys to entertain children. rn 综上所述，云南民族民间手工艺，具有以下鲜明特点：rn 以实用为主，注重功能，同时力求美观，把功能和审美要求完善地结合起来，如陶器、木器、 Bamboo and vine woven and all daily necessities of ethnic masses have also been made in art processing to achieve a unity of practicality and aesthetics.
Most of the handicrafts are taken on the spot, and applied according to their aptitude. Domestic services.
The national and folk handicrafts, mainly hand -made labor, mainly family sideline. The inheritance of its skills is mainly passed down from generation to generation, which has made various handicrafts and their products with distinctive personality and unique style that varies from person to person.
The national and folk handicrafts contain deep cultural connotations. The shape, style, and patterns of handicrafts often express the desire of Qi Qiqiu's beautiful and happy life for the people of all ethnic groups. It reflects the unique aesthetic concepts, religion and customs of people's unique people of all ethnic groups. The pattern ornaments and color configurations all have national cultural backgrounds, such as the blacks of the Yi people and the honor of black; The Dai people love to use elephant and peacock patterns to symbolize auspiciousness; the three horizontal lines on the Miao women's clothing represent the national history of the nation; Flowers, birds, insects, and fish, all reflect the character, aesthetic orientation and belief pursuit of various ethnic groups.
Plopenia style of various ethnic groups, generally presents concise, rough, simple, natural characteristics, strong patterns, bright colors, strong contrast, rich ethnic characteristics and local characteristics, folk, civilian style, and civilian style, and the style No court and aristocracy.
The national and folk craftsmanship in Yunnan has its own characteristic skills, especially some traditional brand -name handicrafts, ingenuity, ingenuity, and clever work. In summary, the characteristics of Yunnan national folk handicrafts are three characteristics:
1 is unique and scientific raw material formula craftsmanship. Such as the copper tin ratio of the bronze, the raw material formula of the copper, the dyeing plant dye formula, the puppet mineral raw material formula, the fiber raw material ratio of Tengchong rice paper and the fibrous raw material of the cotton paper. After long -term practice of the raw materials of these handicraft products, they have become a must. If the ratio is incompatible, the quality of the product is difficult to guarantee. Taking Yunnan Gozi as an example, "Yongchang Mansion" records: "Yongchang: Yongchang chess, A in the world. Its method, use agate to develop powder in Ziying stone, add lead nitrate, invest in medicinal materials, coincide together Well, use long iron to dip its juice and drip to chess. "But the specific formulas of ancient times had been lost. Some producers do not master the true scriptures in the formula, or the Gozo made, or the color is not pure and the spots are messy; Sticky hair, stained with fingers, annoyed the players and lost chess. During the trial production process, the Yunnan Go Factory carried out scientific test analysis of Lao Yongzi's chemical composition, obtained data, and repeatedly tried it to determine the scientific formula. It ensures that Yunzi's internal quality is excellent and the feel is good. From the height of 2 meters, it will fall on the cement floor without cracking or broken.
The second is strange shapes, wonderful ideas, and unique. Such as the wonderful cow -tiger copper case in the ancient city bronze wares, a variety of styles of copper buckle. In modern crafts, such as antiques and steel crafts, the luxurious and elegant of tin crafts, the ancient and diverse of art pottery and Kunming red earth pottery in water, Huining and other places, the shape of woodcarving crafts, folk bamboo weaving bamboo crickets The exquisiteness all shows high styling art.
three is that the production process has its own tricks. Such as the casting and spotting technology of copper crafts, the carving and filling technology of the purple pottery, the temperature of the Zhenyuan Black Pottery and the white pottery, the tie -staining needle method of the Bai people, the Dai weaving brocade craftsmanship, the technique of identifying the jade texture of the jade texture And the kung fu of the art and fight for the aptitude and so on. Moreover, many craftsmanship is passed down from generation to generation, so that handicrafts have a unique personality. Many handicraft decorative patterns, do not play drafts, are based on experience and inspiration.